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Achter Kol, New Netherland
Achter Kol (or Achter Col) was the name given to the region around the Newark Bay and Hackensack River in northeastern New Jersey by the first European settlers to it and was part of the 17th century province of New Netherland, originally administered by the Dutch West India Company. At the time of their arrival, the area was inhabited by the Hackensack and Raritan groups of Lenape.
==Toponymy==
Placenaming by Dutch explorers and settlers during the era often referred to a location in reference to other places, its shape, its topography, and other geographic qualities. Today Newark Bay is connected to Upper New York Bay by the Kill Van Kull and to Raritan Bay by the Arthur Kill. The names of the channels reflect the period of Dutch colonialization. The area around the bay was called Achter Kol, which translates as ''behind or beyond the ridge'' and refers to Bergen Hill. The emergence of the Hudson Palisades begins on Bergen Neck, the peninsula between the bay and the Hudson River. ''Kille'' in Dutch means stream or channel. During the British colonial era the bay was known as ''Cull bay''.
Kill van Kull literally translates as ''channel from the ridge''. Arthur Kill is an anglicisation of ''achter kill'' meaning ''back channel'', which would speak to it location behind Staten Island.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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